INTRODUCTION TO OUR
PLAIN ENGLISH DEFINITIONS Since ISO IEC 90003 2014 wants you to refer to the definitions found in both ISO 9000 2005 and ISO IEC 90003 2014, we've translated them into plain English. Our plain English definitions are based not only on the original terms and definitions but also on how ISO IEC 90003 2014 (which includes the ISO 9001 2008 standard) actually uses these terms. We’ve also defined several important terms that ISO IEC 90003 uses but does not officially define, terms that all users should, nevertheless, understand if they want to actually use this QMS standard. For example, ISO IEC 90003 refers to the process approach and to inputs, outputs, management reviews, and to something called product realization. However, it doesn't formally define what these words mean. We’ve addressed this important shortcoming by considering how the standard actually uses these concepts and by using bits of other definitions to build new Plain English definitions. ISO’s official definitions tend to use words that are themselves defined elsewhere within the same ISO standard. As a result, readers are often expected to flip back and forth between several definitions in order to understand how a single term is defined. We try to avoid this by keeping all the defining elements together in one place. |
Acceptance testsAcceptance tests use criteria to evaluate the
complete software |
ActivityAn activity is a cohesive set of tasks (a cohesive set of tasks is a process). |
AuditAn audit is a systematic evidence gathering
process. Audits must be Organizations use first party audits to audit
themselves. First party audits Second party audits are external audits.
They’re usually done by customers ISO also distinguishes between combined audits and
joint audits. When |
Audit clientAn audit client could be an auditee or any
other person or organization who |
Audit conclusionAudit conclusions are drawn by an audit team
after an audit has |
Audit criteriaAudit criteria are used as a reference point
and include policies, |
AuditeeAn auditee is an organization that is being
audited. Organizations include |
Audit evidenceAudit evidence includes records, factual
statements, and other verifiable |
Audit findingsAudit findings result from a process that
evaluates audit evidence Audit evidence includes records, factual
statements, and other verifiable |
AuditorIn the context of this quality management standard,
an auditor is a person Auditors are expected to determine whether quality
management systems |
Audit planAn audit plan specifies how you intend to
conduct a particular audit. It |
Audit programAn audit program (or programme)
refers to a set of one or more audits |
Audit scopeThe scope of an audit is a statement that
specifies the focus, extent, and |
Audit teamAn audit team is made up of one or more
auditors, one of whom is |
BaselineA baseline is a specific
version of a specification or product that has been |
CharacteristicA characteristic is a distinctive feature or
property of something. |
CompetenceCompetence means being able to apply
knowledge and skill |
ComplaintIn the context of ISO IEC 90003, a complaint refers
to an expression of |
ConcessionA concession is a special approval that is
officially granted to release |
Configuration controlThe process of managing a configuration item that is
being updated |
Configuration identificationThe process of selecting items, recording their
identifying characteristics, |
Configuration itemA configuration item is a component or some
combination of components |
Configuration managementConfiguration management is a discipline whose
purpose is to identify |
Configuration status accountingThe process of controlling a configuration item that
is being |
ConformityConformity is the "fulfillment of a
requirement". To conform means |
Continual improvementContinual improvement is a set of recurring
activities that organizations |
Contract reviewContract review is a set of activities that
an organization carries out in |
CorrectionA correction is any action that is taken to
eliminate a nonconformity |
Corrective actionCorrective actions are steps that are taken to
remove the causes |
COTSCOTS is an acronym that stands for
“commercial-off-the-shelf”. |
CustomerA customer is anyone who receives products
or services from a |
Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction is a perception. It's
also a question of degree. Since satisfaction is a perception, customers may
not be satisfied |
DefectA defect is a type of nonconformity. It
occurs when a product |
DependabilityA product or service is dependable if it is
available when needed and |
Design and developmentDesign and development is a process (or a set
of processes). You may treat design and development as
different stages of a single |
Design and development reviewDesign and development review is a set of
activities whose purpose In this context, an effective set of characteristics
or specifications |
Design and development validationDesign and development validation is a
process. This process uses |
Design and development verificationDesign and development verification is a
process. It uses objective |
Design reviewA design review is a set of activities whose
purpose is to evaluate |
Design validationDesign validation is a process whose purpose
is to examine |
Design verificationDesign verification is a process whose purpose
is to examine |
DocumentThe term document refers to information and
the medium that is ISO 9000 identifies six types of documents: records,
reports, |
EffectivenessEffectiveness refers to the degree to which a
planned effect is achieved. |
EfficiencyEfficiency is a relationship between results
achieved (outputs) and |
GradeA grade is a rank or category that is
assigned to a product, process, or |
ImplementationImplementation is a software life cycle
process that is made up of the |
InfrastructureThe term infrastructure refers to the system
of facilities, equipment, |
Inputs and outputsInputs and outputs are the same thing. This is
because the output While it is easy to see how products and services
can be thought of Specifically, information inputs/outputs include
tangible items such as |
InspectionInspections use observation, measurement,
testing and judgment |
Integration testsIntegration tests examine aggregations of
individual software |
Interested partyAn interested party is anyone who can affect,
be affected |
Internal auditInternal audits are referred to as first-party
audits. Organizations use |
Life cycle modelA software life cycle model is a conceptual
and methodological |
ManagementThe term management refers to all the
activities that are used to |
Management reviewThe purpose of a management review is to evaluate the
suitability, |
Management systemA management system is a set of interrelated
or interacting elements There are many types of management systems. Some of
these |
Measure (noun)A measure is a
variable made up of values. When measurement |
Measure (verb)To measure means to make a measurement. |
MeasurementMeasurement is a set of operations that are
carried out |
Measurement equipmentMeasuring equipment includes all the things
that are needed to carry |
MonitoringTo monitor means to determine the status of an
activity, process, or |
Nonconforming productWhen one or more characteristics of a product fail to
meet specified A product is the output of a process.
Products can be tangible |
NonconformityNonconformity is a nonfulfillment or failure
to meet a requirement. |
ObjectiveAn objective is a result you intend to
achieve. Objectives can be strategic, |
Objective evidenceObjective evidence is data that shows or
proves that something exists or |
OrganizationAn organization can be a single person or a
group that achieves |
Organizational structureThe term organizational structure refers to
the set of responsibilities |
OutsourceWhen an organization makes an arrangement with an
outside While the outsourced organization itself is beyond
the scope of your QMS, |
Preventive actionPreventive actions are steps that are taken to
remove the causes of The preventive action process is designed to prevent
the occurrence While corrective actions prevent recurrence,
preventive actions prevent |
ProcedureA procedure is a way of carrying out a
process or activity. According Documented procedures can be very general or very
detailed, or anywhere A detailed procedure defines and controls the work
that should be done, |
ProcessA process is a set of activities that are
interrelated or that interact with Processes are interconnected because the output from
one process |
Process approachThe process approach is a methodology or
strategy. When managers use |
ProductA product is the output of a process. Products
can be tangible or Service is always the result of an interaction
between a service While software is intangible, and includes things like
approaches |
Product inspectionProduct inspection is an activity that compares
product characteristics |
Product nonconformityWhen one or more characteristics of a product fail to
meet specified |
Product realizationA product starts out as an idea. The idea is realized or
actualized by |
ProjectA project is a set of coordinated and controlled
activities (i.e., a process) |
Qualification processA qualification process is a set of activities.
Its purpose is to demonstrate |
Qualification testsQualification tests evaluate the complete software
|
QualityA quality is a characteristic that a product or
service must have. The quality of something can be determined by comparing
a set of inherent characteristics with a set of requirements.
When those characteristics meet all requirements, high or
excellent quality is achieved. When they do not Quality is, therefore, a question of degree. As
a result, the central quality |
Quality assuranceQuality assurance (QA) is a set of activities
intended to establish |
Quality characteristicA quality characteristic is tied to a requirement
and is an inherent |
Quality controlQuality control is a set of activities intended
to ensure that quality |
Quality improvementQuality improvement refers to anything that
enhances an organization's |
Quality-in-use metricsQuality-in-use metrics are used to monitor and
measure how |
Quality managementQuality management includes all the activities
that organizations use to direct, control, and coordinate
quality. These activities include developing |
Quality management systemA quality management system (QMS) is
a set of interrelated or |
Quality manualA quality manual documents an organization's
quality management
|
Quality objectiveA quality objective is a quality result that you
intend to achieve. |
Quality planA quality plan is a document that is used to specify
the procedures |
Quality planningQuality planning involves setting quality
objectives and then specifying |
Quality policyAn organization’s quality policy formally defines
top management’s |
Quality surveillanceQuality surveillance is a set of activities whose
purpose is to |
RecordA record is a type of document. Records provide
evidence that |
RegradeNonconforming products can be regraded. This is done by
first |
Regression testingRegression testing is carried out in order to
figure out whether or |
ReleaseTo release a product means to give formal
permission to proceed |
RepairIn the context of this standard, the concept of repair is
restricted to |
ReplicationReplication refers to the process or act of
copying |
RequirementA requirement is a need, expectation, or
obligation. It can be stated There are many types of requirements. Some of these
include quality |
ResourcesResources include people, money, information,
knowledge, skill, energy, |
ReviewA review is an activity. Its purpose is to
figure out how well the thing There are many kinds of reviews. Some of these include
management |
ReworkRework applies to nonconforming products. To rework
a nonconforming When applied to nonconforming products, corrections
can include |
ScrapTo scrap a nonconforming product means to prevent
or preclude |
ServiceAccording to ISO 9000, a service is a type of
product. Service is Service can be provided to support an organization’s own
products |
Service deliveryService delivery is a customer-oriented activity.
Service delivery |
SoftwareThe terms software and software product mean the same thing (see below). |
Software itemA software item is any identifiable part of a software product. |
Software productA software product is made up of a set of
computer programs. In addition |
Special processA special process is any production or service
delivery process that |
SpecificationA specification is a document that states either
product or activity |
StandardA standard is a document. It is a set of rules
that control how people ISO's standards are agreements. ISO refers to them as agreements
|
SupplierA supplier is a person or an organization that
provides products. |
SystemA system can be defined as a set of elements
that |
System testsSystem tests examine the complete software system. |
TestTo test means to use a procedure to determine or
identify the |
Top managementWhen ISO 9001 uses the term top management it is
referring to a person |
TraceabilityTraceability is the ability to identify and track
the history, distribution, |
Unit testsUnit tests are stand alone tests of individual software components. |
ValidationValidation is a process. It uses objective
evidence to confirm that the In the context of this standard, the term validation
is used in at least |
VerificationVerification is a process. It uses objective
evidence to confirm In the context of this standard, the term verification
is used in at There are many ways to verify that requirements have
been met. |
Work breakdown structureThe work breakdown structure (WBS) is the
foundation of project |
Work environmentThe term work environment refers to working
conditions. It refers Work environment includes lighting, temperature,
and noise factors, |
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Updated on August 28, 2017. First published on December 15, 2016. |
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